Catatan Dokter Muda/Anatomi Gigi dan Mulut

Macam Gigi

1. Gigi anterior (depan)
   • I: Incisor (gigi seri)
   • C: Caninus (gigi taring)
2. Gigi posterior (belakang)
   • P: Premolar
   • M: Molar (gigi geraham)

Sisi Gigi

1. Sisi atas
   • Sisi insisal: sisi pemotongan makanan (untuk gigi anterior)
   • Sisi oklusal: sisi pengunyahan makanan (untuk gigi posterior)
2. Sisi depan yang mengarah ke luar kavum oris (rongga mulut)
   • Sisi labial: sisi yang menghadap ke bibir (untuk gigi anterior)
   • Sisi bukal: sisi yang menghadap ke pipi (untuk gigi posterior)
3. Sisi oral: sisi belakang yang mengarah ke dalam kavum oris
   • Sisi palatal: sisi yang mengarah ke palatum (untuk gigi rahang atas)
   • Sisi glosal/lingual: sisi yang mengarah ke lidah (untuk gigi rahang bawah)
4. Sisi samping
   • Sisi mesial: sisi yang mengarah ke linea mediana (garis tengah)
   • Sisi distal: sisi yang mengarah ke ujung menjauhi linea mediana

Formula Gigi (Dental Formula)

• Formula gigi Sigmondi untuk posisi gigi

$\begin{array}{c}Kananatas\end{array}$	$\begin{array}{c}Kiriatas\end{array}$
$\begin{array}{c}Kananbawah\end{array}$	$\begin{array}{c}Kiribawah\end{array}$

Gigi Tetap

• Digit pertama formula gigi FDI (Fédération dentaire internationale: Federasi dokter gigi internasional) untuk posisi gigi

$\begin{array}{cc}1(Kananatas)& 2(Kiriatas)\\ 4(Kananbawah)& 3(Kiribawah)\end{array}$

• Formula gigi Sigmondi / Digit kedua formula gigi FDI untuk jenis gigi
  1. I1
  2. I2
  3. C1
  4. P1
  5. P2
  6. M1
  7. M2
  8. M3

• Formula gigi Sigmondi

$\begin{array}{cc}87654321& 12345678\\ 87654321& 12345678\end{array}$

• Formula gigi FDI

$\begin{array}{cc}1.81.71.61.51.41.31.21.1& 2.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.8\\ 4.84.74.64.54.44.34.24.1& 3.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.8\end{array}$

• Formula gigi Sigmondi dan FDI

Sigmondi	FDI		Sigmondi	FDI
$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	1		$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	2
$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	1.1		$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	2.1
$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	1.2		$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	2.2
$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	1.3		$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	2.3
$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	1.4		$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	2.4
$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	1.5		$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	2.5
$\begin{array}{c}6\end{array}$	1.6		$\begin{array}{c}6\end{array}$	2.6
$\begin{array}{c}7\end{array}$	1.7		$\begin{array}{c}7\end{array}$	2.7
$\begin{array}{c}8\end{array}$	1.8		$\begin{array}{c}8\end{array}$	2.8
$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	4		$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	3
$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	4.1		$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	3.1
$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	4.2		$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	3.2
$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	4.3		$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	3.3
$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	4.4		$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	3.4
$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	4.5		$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	3.5
$\begin{array}{c}6\end{array}$	4.6		$\begin{array}{c}6\end{array}$	3.6
$\begin{array}{c}7\end{array}$	4.7		$\begin{array}{c}7\end{array}$	3.7
$\begin{array}{c}8\end{array}$	4.8		$\begin{array}{c}8\end{array}$	3.8

Gigi Susu

• Digit pertama formula gigi FDI untuk posisi gigi

$\begin{array}{cc}5(Kananatas)& 6(Kiriatas)\\ 8(Kananbawah)& 7(Kiribawah)\end{array}$

• Formula gigi Sigmondi / Digit kedua formula gigi FDI untuk jenis gigi

1. I1
2. I2
3. C1
4. M1
5. M2

• Formula gigi Sigmondi

$\begin{array}{cc}54321& 12345\\ 54321& 12345\end{array}$

• Formula gigi FDI

$\begin{array}{cc}5.55.45.35.25.1& 6.16.26.36.46.5\\ 8.58.48.38.28.1& 7.17.27.37.47.5\end{array}$

• Formula gigi Sigmondi dan FDI

Sigmondi	FDI		Sigmondi	FDI
$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	5		$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	6
$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	5.1		$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	6.1
$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	5.2		$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	6.2
$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	5.3		$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	6.3
$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	5.4		$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	6.4
$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	5.5		$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	6.5
$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	8		$\begin{array}{c}\end{array}$	7
$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	8.1		$\begin{array}{c}1\end{array}$	7.1
$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	8.2		$\begin{array}{c}2\end{array}$	7.2
$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	8.3		$\begin{array}{c}3\end{array}$	7.3
$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	8.4		$\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$	7.4
$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	8.5		$\begin{array}{c}5\end{array}$	7.5

Kode

• C: Caries (karies)
• F: Filling (tumpatan)
• I: Impacted tooth (impaksi gigi)
• L: Luxation (luksasi)
• M: Missing (hilang)
• P: Prosthesis (gigi palsu)
• R: Radix (akar)

Daftar Pustaka

1. Templat:Id Putz R, Pabst R, editor. Sobotta, Atlas Anatomi Manusia Jilid 1. Edisi 21. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2000. h. 98 ‒ 105.

Pranala Luar

1. Templat:Id Mozartha M. Anatomi Gigi [Internet]. [Tempat tidak diketahui]: Klikdokter; c2008 ‒ 2010 [dimutakhirkan 2010 Sep 27; diakses 2012 Feb 27]. Tersedia dari: http://www.klikdokter.com/gigimulut/read/2010/09/27/228/anatomi-gigi.
2. Templat:Id Mozartha M. Anatomi Gigi (2) [Internet]. [Tempat tidak diketahui]: Klikdokter; c2008 ‒ 2010 [dimutakhirkan 2010 Sep 27; diakses 2012 Feb 27]. Tersedia dari: http://www.klikdokter.com/gigimulut/read/2010/09/27/229/anatomi-gigi--2-.